Indonesia - Diabetes is always a frightening specter. Complications caused can be life threatening.
In the world, it is estimated that there are around 245 million people fighting diabetes. Whereas in Indonesia, the prevalence of diabetes rose to 8.5 percent in 2018 from the previous 6.9 percent in 2013.
Diabetes occurs when the body cannot use insulin - an important part of the body's metabolic system - well.
An unhealthy lifestyle becomes a 'defendant' from this malfunction of insulin in the body. Especially lifestyle in choosing food. In the European Journal of Nutrition, it was mentioned that consuming too much fast food can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
If someone wants to reduce the risk of diabetes, then it's good to start diligently doing a healthy diet filled with nutritious foods. With a note, the effort must be carried out together with sports activities and stress management.
The following types of foods that can increase the risk of diabetes are taken from various sources.
Processed carbohydrates
When carbohydrate sources are processed, the vitamins and minerals in them will certainly disappear.
Calories without nutrients coupled with high sugar content are the main actors causing diabetes. As often as possible, you need to avoid this type of food.
The digestible properties of refined carbohydrates make this food can cause a surge in blood sugar and insulin levels. Over time, this condition will lead to type 2 diabetes.
In the Archives of Internal Medicine published in JAMA Network , it was mentioned that a diet high in refined carbohydrates increased the risk of type 2 diabetes by 21 percent.
To reduce that risk, it means you need to limit your intake of processed carbohydrate foods such as bread, biscuits and pasta.
Sweet drinks
It is common knowledge that sweet drinks with high sugar content are the main cause of type 2 diabetes. Sugar, as is known, can cause insulin resistance.
Citing Healthline, drinking one to two glasses of sweet drinks per day can increase the risk of type-2 diabetes by 26 percent.
To stay hydrated, you can reduce the consumption of sweet drinks and increase mineral water for the body.
Trans and saturated fat
High cholesterol is one of the risk factors for type 2 diabetes. While saturated fat is known to increase cholesterol levels in the blood.
Saturated fats can be found in a number of food sources such as meat, butter, milk, and cheese.
Unlike saturated fat, trans fat is a form of unsaturated fat that can bring you to the risk of diabetes. Generally, trans fats are found in packaged foods and foods that are fried or baked with oil.
To avoid trans fat, you can use olive oil when you make it.
Red meat
Red meat, whether processed or not, is equally related to type 2 diabetes.
study in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that 3 ounces of red meat per day can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes by 19 percent. While consumption of processed meat can increase the risk by 51 percent.
For that, it's good if you switch to protein sources that can improve health such as fish. Or, if you want to feel the pleasure of red meat, you can combine it with a bowl of vegetables.
Showing posts with label diabetes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label diabetes. Show all posts
Friday, January 25, 2019
Wednesday, January 23, 2019
Diabetes in children
Diabetes in children is on the first place among all endocrine pathologies. Almost always (in 90% of cases) diagnosed type 1 diabetes, which requires lifelong insulin.
Usually in childhood diabetes is diagnosed during the discovery of the child unconscious. It develops diabetic coma due to the very high numbers of sugar. In the absence of adequate and timely treatment , a child can die within a few hours.
The primary cause of diabetes in childhood is a hereditary predisposition, often passed in the female line. However, infection of the boys absolutely not excluded. Can also affect pancreatic deficiency during embryonic formation of all organs and systems.
Trigger diabetes in children are:
Infectious diseases, such as (chicken pox, rubella, measles, influenza, mumps, etc.).
Sudden stressful situations for the kid (quarrels in the family, jitters etc.). After such situations the child can later short intervals to detect increased thirst (became request more water), and frequent urination. Nighttime urination increases several times. If you do not clog the alarm and did not show the child the doctor can easily and in short terms develop coma.
Throughout life, the child must receive insulin and stick to a particular diet. This does not, however, prevent complications, and only slightly lengthens the time of their appearance. Most often the first to be damaged blood vessels (angiopathy and develops retinopathy). To assist the child in such situations should be regularly and promptly held a survey on this issue and when it detects the slightest changes to urgently proceed with treatment.
Usually in childhood diabetes is diagnosed during the discovery of the child unconscious. It develops diabetic coma due to the very high numbers of sugar. In the absence of adequate and timely treatment , a child can die within a few hours.
The primary cause of diabetes in childhood is a hereditary predisposition, often passed in the female line. However, infection of the boys absolutely not excluded. Can also affect pancreatic deficiency during embryonic formation of all organs and systems.
Trigger diabetes in children are:
Infectious diseases, such as (chicken pox, rubella, measles, influenza, mumps, etc.).
Sudden stressful situations for the kid (quarrels in the family, jitters etc.). After such situations the child can later short intervals to detect increased thirst (became request more water), and frequent urination. Nighttime urination increases several times. If you do not clog the alarm and did not show the child the doctor can easily and in short terms develop coma.
Throughout life, the child must receive insulin and stick to a particular diet. This does not, however, prevent complications, and only slightly lengthens the time of their appearance. Most often the first to be damaged blood vessels (angiopathy and develops retinopathy). To assist the child in such situations should be regularly and promptly held a survey on this issue and when it detects the slightest changes to urgently proceed with treatment.
Tuesday, January 22, 2019
Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes Insipidus, or as it is called nesaharnoe diabetes is a rare disease, which is caused by dysfunction of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, and reflected the strongest thirst and large amounts of urination. The prevalence of diabetes insipidus is approximately 3 cases per 100 000 people.
Causes of Diabetes Insipidus
Causes of diabetes insipidus in most cases are:
Neoplastic lesions of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Disorders of the circulatory system in the pool of the arteries feeding the brain these divisions.
Cranio-cerebral trauma.
Heredity.
Renal pathology, characterized by the violation of the perception of the hormone vasopressin, which is responsible for water exchange.
Development mechanism
As you know, the whole blood the body constantly passes through the kidneys, stored there from unnecessary and harmful substances. Extra fluid excreted in the urine and the rest back into the bloodstream. This process is called reabsorbciej (reverse suction). Responsible for her hormone vasopressin.
If for any reason the vasopressin does not fall into the bloodstream, would invalidate the process reverse suction of water in the kidneys, begetting profuse urination and thirst, which is so characteristic of diabetes.
However, because glucose is absolutely not involved in these processes, disease called Diabetes Insipidus.
Symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus
The severity of symptoms depends on the degree of deficiency of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). When partial deficiency of the hormone urine is usually a light, colorless, almost odorless and any pathological elements. Its relative density also generally low (before 1003).
The disease usually begins suddenly acutely.
Much less Diabetes Insipidus develops slowly, with a gradual increase in severity of symptoms.
Often provokes Diabetes Insipidus of pregnancy.
When the long-term course of the disease is increasing the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis dilatation. The stomach is stretched and falls. Cardiovascular system (with sufficient flow of fluid) does not suffer, only slightly expressed gipotenzia (lower blood pressure).
However, if the proper amount of fluid is also not filled are symptoms of dehydration — sudden weakness, heart palpitations, hypotension.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus, as a rule, does not cause difficulties because the typical clinical picture. For differential diagnostic use test with suhojadeniem (to exclude neurogenic nature of symptoms).
Treatment
If the cause of diabetes insipidus in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, prescribe hormone replacement therapy, usually for life. If the same cause in the kidneys, showing diuretic (thiazide diuretic) and anti-inflammatories. In neurogenic form disease prescribed course of restorative massage.
Causes of Diabetes Insipidus
Causes of diabetes insipidus in most cases are:
Neoplastic lesions of the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
Disorders of the circulatory system in the pool of the arteries feeding the brain these divisions.
Cranio-cerebral trauma.
Heredity.
Renal pathology, characterized by the violation of the perception of the hormone vasopressin, which is responsible for water exchange.
Development mechanism
As you know, the whole blood the body constantly passes through the kidneys, stored there from unnecessary and harmful substances. Extra fluid excreted in the urine and the rest back into the bloodstream. This process is called reabsorbciej (reverse suction). Responsible for her hormone vasopressin.
If for any reason the vasopressin does not fall into the bloodstream, would invalidate the process reverse suction of water in the kidneys, begetting profuse urination and thirst, which is so characteristic of diabetes.
However, because glucose is absolutely not involved in these processes, disease called Diabetes Insipidus.
Symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus
The severity of symptoms depends on the degree of deficiency of vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). When partial deficiency of the hormone urine is usually a light, colorless, almost odorless and any pathological elements. Its relative density also generally low (before 1003).
The disease usually begins suddenly acutely.
Much less Diabetes Insipidus develops slowly, with a gradual increase in severity of symptoms.
Often provokes Diabetes Insipidus of pregnancy.
When the long-term course of the disease is increasing the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis dilatation. The stomach is stretched and falls. Cardiovascular system (with sufficient flow of fluid) does not suffer, only slightly expressed gipotenzia (lower blood pressure).
However, if the proper amount of fluid is also not filled are symptoms of dehydration — sudden weakness, heart palpitations, hypotension.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus, as a rule, does not cause difficulties because the typical clinical picture. For differential diagnostic use test with suhojadeniem (to exclude neurogenic nature of symptoms).
Treatment
If the cause of diabetes insipidus in the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, prescribe hormone replacement therapy, usually for life. If the same cause in the kidneys, showing diuretic (thiazide diuretic) and anti-inflammatories. In neurogenic form disease prescribed course of restorative massage.
Pre-diabetes-glucose intolerance
Impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) is a condition in which blood glucose levels above prefectures, but below a critical level, which is diagnosed is diabetes. In other words, this is one of the stages of violations of carbohydrate metabolism, the next step which is diabetes.
Currently, patients with diagnosed condition prediabeticheskim make up the bulk of the Group at risk to develop diabetes. The pre-diabetes is one of the factors in the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system and can be fatal even in diabetes.
With suspected or established by back should contact the endocrinologistwho will help find out the cause and prescribe treatment. And preferably not to postpone a visit to a specialist in order to avoid the development of disease or complications.
The reasons for violations
Glucose is the energy substrate of all processes in our body. Most of it gets into the blood stream while sucking it from the digestive tract following the breakup of the carbohydrates that come with food. Next in the pancreas produces insulin, which helps the body tissues to absorb glucose from the blood, lowering its level.
Two hours after a meal blood sugar dropping to normal (3.5-5.5 mmol/l).
Among the factors the breach of carbohydrate metabolism allocate:
Arterial hypertension;
Chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys;
Receiving diabetogennyh medication (hormonal medications, oral contraceptives, corticosteroids);
Obesity;
Stress;
Pregnancy (gestational diabetes);
Elevated levels of cholesterol;
Autoimmune diseases;
Diseases of the endocrine system;
Random diet (with lots of refined sugars);
Age (over 45 years);
Genetic predisposition (diagnosed diabetes or glucose tolerance violations among close relatives).
Doctors are advised to check your blood sugar at least twice a year, even if there is no suspicion, and people with at least one risk factor is about four.
Diagnosis of prediabetes
Pre-diabetes is diagnosed usually accidentally. Tolerance to glukoze violation in some cases are asymptomatic, and the emergence of complaints often speaks about the already developed diabetes. And all, in some cases, patients were treated with some characteristic symptoms:
Thirst (severe and prolonged, occurs when the slightest bit of psycho-emotional load);
Fatigue, decreased performance, drowsiness;
Reduced immunity and overall well-being.
Confirm the diagnosis by using blood sugar or its modifications (glucose loading, analysis on haemoglobin glikirirovannyj).
When a standard analysis of the blood glucose preddiabetom is called prandial glucose level rise to 6.0 mmol/l For gljukozotolerantnogo test dvujetaptnogo prediabeticheskogo State boundaries is the level of glucose:
The first portion of blood -6.7 5.5 mmol/l;
The second portion of blood — to 11.1 mmol/l.
For gljukozotolerantnogo test there are absolute indications:
Patients at risk of development of carbohydrate metabolism;
Pregnant;
Patients who have frequent cases of hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose) and the glukozurii (increased concentration of sugar in the urine);
Persons who are close relatives whom suffer violations of exchange of glucose or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
Treatment tolerance to glukoze violation
It should be remembered that prediabetes is not a disease, and therefore treated as such does not exist. When it detects a violation of tolerance to glukoze, doctor-endocrinologist appoints correction, which is the change in lifestyle (nutrition with reduced carbohydrates and dosed physical loading).
Currently, patients with diagnosed condition prediabeticheskim make up the bulk of the Group at risk to develop diabetes. The pre-diabetes is one of the factors in the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system and can be fatal even in diabetes.
With suspected or established by back should contact the endocrinologistwho will help find out the cause and prescribe treatment. And preferably not to postpone a visit to a specialist in order to avoid the development of disease or complications.
The reasons for violations
Glucose is the energy substrate of all processes in our body. Most of it gets into the blood stream while sucking it from the digestive tract following the breakup of the carbohydrates that come with food. Next in the pancreas produces insulin, which helps the body tissues to absorb glucose from the blood, lowering its level.
Two hours after a meal blood sugar dropping to normal (3.5-5.5 mmol/l).
Among the factors the breach of carbohydrate metabolism allocate:
Arterial hypertension;
Chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys;
Receiving diabetogennyh medication (hormonal medications, oral contraceptives, corticosteroids);
Obesity;
Stress;
Pregnancy (gestational diabetes);
Elevated levels of cholesterol;
Autoimmune diseases;
Diseases of the endocrine system;
Random diet (with lots of refined sugars);
Age (over 45 years);
Genetic predisposition (diagnosed diabetes or glucose tolerance violations among close relatives).
Doctors are advised to check your blood sugar at least twice a year, even if there is no suspicion, and people with at least one risk factor is about four.
Diagnosis of prediabetes
Pre-diabetes is diagnosed usually accidentally. Tolerance to glukoze violation in some cases are asymptomatic, and the emergence of complaints often speaks about the already developed diabetes. And all, in some cases, patients were treated with some characteristic symptoms:
Thirst (severe and prolonged, occurs when the slightest bit of psycho-emotional load);
Fatigue, decreased performance, drowsiness;
Reduced immunity and overall well-being.
Confirm the diagnosis by using blood sugar or its modifications (glucose loading, analysis on haemoglobin glikirirovannyj).
When a standard analysis of the blood glucose preddiabetom is called prandial glucose level rise to 6.0 mmol/l For gljukozotolerantnogo test dvujetaptnogo prediabeticheskogo State boundaries is the level of glucose:
The first portion of blood -6.7 5.5 mmol/l;
The second portion of blood — to 11.1 mmol/l.
For gljukozotolerantnogo test there are absolute indications:
Patients at risk of development of carbohydrate metabolism;
Pregnant;
Patients who have frequent cases of hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose) and the glukozurii (increased concentration of sugar in the urine);
Persons who are close relatives whom suffer violations of exchange of glucose or insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
Treatment tolerance to glukoze violation
It should be remembered that prediabetes is not a disease, and therefore treated as such does not exist. When it detects a violation of tolerance to glukoze, doctor-endocrinologist appoints correction, which is the change in lifestyle (nutrition with reduced carbohydrates and dosed physical loading).
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